Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous follicles.

The main factors involved in its cause and development are:

1) hyperkeratinization of the upper portion of the hair follicle, 2) lesions to the cell in the ducts through which sebum outflows to the surface of the skin when there is sudden increase in sebaceous production, 3) bacterial colonization of the follicles, and 4) the inflammatory processes in the follicles and the surrounding areas as the only possible response to those lesions from the immune system.

Hyperkeratinization is a disorder of the cells lining the inside of a hair follicle. It is the normal function of these cells to detach or slough off (desquamate) from the skin lining at normal intervals. The dead cells are then forced out of the follicle (primarily by the growing hair). However, in hyperkeratinization, this process is interrupted and a number of these dead skin cells do not leave the follicle because of an excess of keratin, a natural protein found in the skin. This excess of keratin, which is influenced by genetics, results in an increased adherence/bonding of dead skin cells together. This cohesion of cells will block or "cap" the hair follicle (leading to keratosis pilaris) or clog the sebaceous/oil duct (leading to acne).

Sebum lubricates the hair shaft, protects the skin from drying and moisture, and prevents bacterial infection.

The hair follicle and sebaseous glands continually undergo dynamic remodelling in a cyclical manner involving tightly coordinated patterns of cell proliferation, differentiation and death of cells.

Sebaseous glands are clustered by the side of a hair follicle, into which they discharge the secretion - sebum.

Their short duct is lined by stratified squamous epithelium. Sebum is formed by the total breakdown of the cells and may lubricate the hair shaft, protect the skin from drying and moisture, and prevent bacterial infection.

Ongoing research is modifying the classical view of acne as caused by Propionibacterium acnes bacteria to a perception of acne as an inflammatory disorder with androgens, hormone receptors, regulatory neuropeptides, and environmental factors being agents able to interrupt the natural cyclical dynamic breakdown of dead cells into sebum within the sebaceous follicles.

Interruption of discharge of sebum to the surface of skin leads to occlusion of the ducts (microcomedones) and then enlarged comedones that become inflammatory lesions.

Pro-inflammatory lipids, chemokines (molecules released by cells at the site of injury or infection which give rise to intracellular signals which stimulate cell motion, and cytokines (cell-secreted proteins that affect the expression of growth factors as well as migration of white blood cells to an injured site and fibroblast proliferation), seem to act as mediators for the initiation of acne lesions.

Propionibacterium acne is not initially involved but may mediate later inflammatory events leading to worsening of the lesions.

Variation in the innate immunity of the skin predisposes to acne

Some people have higher levels of constitutive, innate, immunity in the skin and some may also have a much stronger response to external stimuli, and such depends indirectly on hereditary factors related to excess androgen activity in puberty, that trigger sterile inflammatory phenomena.

Acne is initiated by an inflammatory signal to the neural system without involvement of bacteria in its initiation.

During puberty sebum production is exacerbated and the first flow of sebum through the previously empty duct might create shear forces of sufficient magnitude that injure the pilosebaseous gland.

The body responds with the release of inflammatory molecules to promote cell division and quickly restore the lining of the inner surface of the ducts.

At the same time sebum at the external orifice or follicular ostium of the sebaceous gland duct and/or the hair follicle leads to formation of a dry "plug" (comedone) which obstructs the flow of sebum.

On exposure to oxygen, the comedone turns dark forming what is commonly referred to as a "black head".

The water content of the comedone is reduced by evaporation and diffusion into the adjacent horny layer (keratin) of the surface epidermis resulting in a hardening of the comedone, starting at the external surface.

The comedone may become attached to the keratin and thus "moored" to adjacent elements of the skin.

The comedone becomes modified chemically, as well as physically, thus becoming a material which is foreign to the body.

This state of "foreignness" provokes a further inflammatory reaction, including immune reactions and other responses of various defense systems, particularly those associated with granulocytes and macrophages.

If the inflammatory reaction and the immune and other defense responses are effective in eliminating or containing the effects of the comedone, further progression of acne manifestations do not occur.

Frequently, however, the immune and other defense reactions are not effective in terminating the acne process at this stage and the process progresses partly or wholly as described below.

While the comedone is obstructing the outlet of the duct, the sebaceous glands can continue to form sebum, which accumulates in the duct and in the glands, distending both.

The distension and the resulting pressure lead to further intensification of the inflammatory reaction in the adjacent skin and subcutaneous tissues and produce additional swelling (edema), redness (erythema), discomfort, and a mass, which includes the obstructed and thefore encysted sebaceous gland ("redhead", "pimple", or acne papule).

Frequently, the defense mechanisms are not adequate to terminate this process promptly at the acne papule stage and it continues to progress.

The above conditions favor the growth of bacteria, and the resultant infections involve the duct, the sebaceous glands and the surrounding tissues, usually in that order.

The onset of the infection produces further inflammatory changes, thereby initiating a vicious cycle causing continued and/or increased obstruction of the outflow of the sebum, which in turn leads to more pressure, more inflammation and continued or progressive infection.

This leads to the formation of the acne pustule. The immune and other defense mechanisms having been inadequate to prevent these conditions from arising, frequently fail to arrest or reverse the process early in the acne pustule stage and it persists or progresses further.

Obstruction with or without infection leads to the formation of cysts. Infection of a cyst results in the formation of an abscess which leads to local tissue destruction. If this destruction of tissue has involved the connective tissue elements of the skin or subcutaneous tissues to a sufficient degree, healing is frequently accompanied and/or followed by scar formation.

The scars in acne can vary from minimal to extensive and severely disfiguring problems which are permanent sequallae of acne. While the process by which acne arises and lasts for an indefinite time may and frequently does come to a halt as a result of treatment or spontaneously, the scars persist for life unless they are removed.

Acne scars can be avoided by treating acne breakouts in their early stage. When inflammation has not yet destroyed the tissue surrounding pimples, and before holes (ice-pick or pitted scars), marks or bumps appear on your skin (raised, hyperthropic or even keloid scarring).

Old acne scars can also be reduced with the disciplined application twice a day every day for a few months of the skin regenerating serum in BIOSKIN products...

The natural organic skin care serum:

• Helps to inhibit and down-regulate the chemical inflammatory promoters (i.e. interleukin-6, hydrogen peroxide, histamines, bacterial toxins) that increase during skin inflammation.

• Inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor and decreases cellular division activity of fibroblast growth factor.

• Stimulates the production of defensive molecules on the skin that fight microbes, viruses and fungi, creating a barrier against infection.

• Unclogs pores blocked by sebum.

• Acts against invading growth-phase acne bacteria and against folliculitis pustular sores and lumps (boils, furuncles), on skin or scalp.

• Compatible with accutane for severe cystic acne scarring and relieves accutane's side effects.

• Dissolves scar tissues and helps the process of rebuilding new collagen and elastin into the skin, cumulative effects are more noticeable every day and become permanent.

• Effective for facial ice pick acne scar marks, pitted acne scars, chicken pox scar repair.

• Gets rid of rosacea pustules, papules & lesions, reduces acne rosacea redness and rhinophyma.

• Prevents keloid scarring, stops keloids itching, accelerates keloid/raised scar reduction by itself & can be used below pressure/silicone sheets.

• Polishes skin, helps remove thick hypertrophic scars.

• Triggers rebuilding of microcirculation.

• Accelerates skin renewal after laser surgery, glycolic peel, micro-dermabrasion, scar subcision or needling.

• Restores a younger skin by restoring the capacity of healthy skin to hold in moisture and by removing damaged proteins and replacing them with blemish free skin.

The antibacterial factor from the mucins of land snails has been known for years and scientists have focused on replicating it (by biosynthesis) in the laboratory.

This is a promising new venue for research and creating effective drugs. But bringing a drug to clinical trial is time consuming and expensive. It is estimated that it takes $300 million to bring a drug to market. This cost covers every thing from discovery, identification, synthesis and clinical trials. This process may also take 10 or more years to accomplish.

Fortunatly the mucin, or serum, as it is naturally can perform for human skin what it does for the snails themselves. We just make the liquid into an odorless, hypoallergenic, white cream for application on the skin.

BIOSKIN products unlike pharmaceutical antibiotics that may create bacterial resistance contains the aforementiones serum which is also made of specific peptides with anti-microbial properties that act as natural antibiotics.

These small portions of protein provide the body's first line of defense against invading bacteria and keep fast-moving infections in check.

BIOSKIN products are effective in stoping the growth of different types of bacteria commonly found in human skin infections, such as Escherichia Coli, Staphylococcus Aureus, Pseudomona Aeruginosa, and Propionibacterium Acnes.

With the use of BIOSKIN products acne inflammation is kept at bay, damaged cells and toxins are dissolved, hair follicles are cleaned of debris, germs are destroyed, new collagen, elasting and water holding cells are formed to repair skin damage.

The Final Result: acne breakouts gone and YOUR SKIN CLEAR OF ACNE and MARKS.

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Nourish, Moisturize, Protect, Repair and Renew Your Skin with BIOSKIN PRODUCT

Deeply moisturizing natural skin care products that triggers the regeneration of damaged cells while preventing and removing scars, keratosis, psoriasis scales and all types of skin blemishes. It also nourishes and replenishes the lipid barrier of the skin.

Our products diminishe imperfections and achieve silky soft skin with a routine skin care regimen.

BIOSKINCARE is best for facial skin that is in part oily and in parts dry; besides relieving dry skin. It is also excellent after radiotherapy, chemotherapy, glycolic acid or chemical peels and microdermabrasion.